A Fascinating Condition

There is a fascinating condition that we don't quite understand yet. It's synaesthesia, or cross-sensory perception - the ability to perceive stimulation of one sensory modality via a different sensory modality. To translate it into plain English: if you answer 'yes' to one of the following questions you have synaesthesia: Can you see sounds? Can you smell colors? Can you taste shapes? Can you feel sounds on your skin? Some people may forget the name of the person they know but remember the color, or taste, or even temperature of the word. There are very strange cases, where the spelling affects the taste, for example, 'Lori' tastes like a pencil eraser, but 'Lauri' tastes lemony. [Cytowic (1989)] Synaesthesia may be of two types: Two-sensory synaesthesia: when two senses are involved, and stimulation of one sensory modality triggers the perception in a second modality (in the absence of direct impact through the second sense). Multi-sensory synaesthesia: when more than two senses are involved. People with synaesthesia have very good memory (due to the parallel sensation), but uneven cognitive skills. They are reported to prefer order, neatness, symmetry and balance; and they are more prone to unusual experiences such as déjà vu and clairvoyance. There is a very interesting hypothesis about the origin of synaesthesia proposed by Maurer: All babies experience undifferentiated sensory input, when all senses are mixed up, probably up to four to six months of age. If this neonatal synaesthesia is a normal phase of development. In this case, adult synaesthesia might represent a breakdown in the process of differentiation of the senses. In my research, I've met quite a few autistic individuals who have synaesthesia as well. It is not easily detected because many autistic people with synaesthesia don't realize that other people cannot, say, hear sounds while seeing colors. For them, it's a normal way to perceive the world. Besides, even very articulate adults with autism find it difficult to express their experiences because they are so different from the 'norm'. And of course, unappreciated... jUqwN62x
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